Social Studies Praxis Practice Test

Which of the following factors is associated with the emergence of globalization in the late 20th century?

1. A. The decrease in communication technologies

2. B. The spread of international trade agreements

3. C. Decreased foreign direct investment

4. D. The collapse of national borders

The correct answer is: B. The spread of international trade agreements

The spread of international trade agreements is fundamentally linked to the emergence of globalization in the late 20th century. These agreements facilitated greater economic interdependence between nations, allowing for reduced tariffs and more open markets. As countries entered into trade agreements, they were able to exchange goods and services more freely, encouraging investment and economic growth on a global scale. This expansion of trade not only increased the flow of products across borders but also enhanced the movement of capital and labor, contributing to a more interconnected global economy. While the other options mention factors that might imply changes in the global environment, they do not accurately capture the essence of globalization. A decrease in communication technologies would hinder globalization rather than promote it, as effective communication is crucial for international trade. Decreased foreign direct investment would signify a retreat from globalization, while the notion of the collapse of national borders mischaracterizes the reality of globalization, which often exists alongside the reinforcement of national borders through cooperative agreements. The significance of international trade agreements lies in their ability to create the legal and economic frameworks necessary for globalization to flourish.