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Which of the following individuals was imprisoned for many years for opposing apartheid and was elected president of South Africa in 1994?

  1. A. Desmond Tutu

  2. B. Nelson Mandela

  3. C. F. W. de Klerk

  4. D. Marcus Garvey

The correct answer is: B. Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela is widely recognized for his significant role in the fight against apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. His imprisonment for 27 years became a powerful symbol of the anti-apartheid movement globally. Mandela's dedication to the struggle for equality and justice resonated with many, and after his release in 1990, he played a pivotal role in the negotiations that ended apartheid. He was elected as South Africa's first Black president in 1994, marking a historic transition to a democratic government. His leadership was characterized by efforts to foster reconciliation and national unity in a country that had been deeply divided along racial lines.