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Which of the following took place after the government of Cuba nationalized property and assets held by United States citizens and corporations within its borders?

  1. A. The Cuban unemployment rate increased dramatically.

  2. B. The United States government placed an embargo on trade with Cuba.

  3. C. Cuba reduced its economic dependence on the exportation of sugar.

  4. D. The Cuban government instituted a series of wide-ranging economic reforms.

The correct answer is: B. The United States government placed an embargo on trade with Cuba.

The nationalization of property and assets held by United States citizens and corporations in Cuba marked a significant turning point in U.S.-Cuba relations and directly led to the U.S. government imposing an embargo on trade with Cuba. This embargo, which began in the early 1960s, was a response to the perceived threat that the Cuban government's actions posed to American economic interests and the broader context of the Cold War. The embargo restricted trade and economic activity between the two nations, severely limiting Cuba's ability to access goods, services, and financial resources from the United States. The other options present scenarios that did not directly stem from the nationalization policy. While changes in the Cuban economy, such as fluctuations in employment and export dynamics, may have occurred in the subsequent years, they were not immediate consequences of the nationalization process in the same direct manner as the U.S. government's decision to enact an embargo.